MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIAL EDUCATION OFTHE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
GULISTAN STATE UNIVERSITY
The English and Literature department
Abdukarimov Doniyor's qualification work on speciality5220100, English philology on theme:
"Homonyms in English and their specific features"
Supervisor: Ibragimov. O.O.
Gulistan-2006
CONTENTS
I. Introduction.
1.1. The tasks andpurposes of the work
2.1. The main items of thework
II. Main Part
1.2. Chapter1 Commonanalysis of homonyms in Modern English
1.1.2. Phoneticcoincidence and semantic differentiation of homonyms
2.1.2. Classification ofhomonyms
3.1.2. Diachronicallyapproach of homonyms
4.1.2. Synchronicallyapproach in studying homonymy
5.1.2. Lexical,grammatical and lexico-grammatical distinctions of homonyms
2.2. Chapter2. Theinterrelations between homonymy and polysemantic words.
1.2.2. Etymological andsemantic criteria in polysemy and homonymy
2.2.2. Comparativetypological analysis of two linguistic phenomena in English, Uzbek and Russian
3.2.2. Modern methods ofinvestigating homonyms
4.2.2. Practical approachin studying homonyms
5.2.2.Polysemy andHomonymy: Etymological and Semantic Criteria
6.2.2. Typologicalanalysis of homonymy and polysemy in three languages.
III. Conclusion.
1.3. Common review of theessence of the work
2.3. Perspectives of thequalification work
IV. Bibliography.
Introduction
1.1 The tasks and purposes of the work
The theme of my qualification work sounds as following: "Homonymsin English and their Specific Features ". This qualification work can becharacterized by the following:
The actuality of this work caused by several importantpoints. We seem to say that the appearance of new, homonymic meanings is one ofthe main trends in development of Modern English, especially in its colloquiallayer, which, in its turn at high degree is supported by development of moderninformational technologies and simplification of alive speech. So thesignificance of our work can be proved by the following reasons:
a) Studying of homonyms of words is one of the developingbranches of lexicology nowadays.
b) Homonyms reflect the general trend of simplification of alanguage.
c) Homonymic meanings of words are closely connected with thedevelopment of modern informational technologies.
d) Being a developing branch of linguistics it requires aspecial attention of teachers to be adequated to their specialization inEnglish.
e) The investigation of homonyms and their differentiationwith polysemantic words is not being still investigated in the sufficientdegree and this problem is still waiting for its investigator. Ourqualification work is one another attempt to investigate this problem.
Having based upon the actuality of the theme we are able toformulate the general goals of our qualification work.
a) To study, analyze, and sum up all the possible changeshappened in the studied branch of linguistics for the past fifty years.
b) To teach the problem of homonyms to young Englishlearners.
c) To demonstrate the significance of the problem for thosewho want to brush up their English.
d) To mention all the major linguists 'opinions concerningthe subject studied.
If we say about the new information used within our work wemay note that the work studies the problem from the modern positions andanalyzes the modern trends appeared in this subject for the last ten years. Inparticular, the new meanings of the old habitual words were mentioned in ourqualification work.
The practical significance of the work can be concluded inthe following items:
a) The work could serve as a good source of learning Englishby young teachers at schools and colleges.
b) The lexicologists could find a lot of interesting informationfor themselves.
c) Those who would like to communicate with theEnglish-speaking people through the Internet will find new causing homonymicterms in our qualification work.
Having said about the linguists studied the material beforewe can mention that our qualification work was based upon the investigationsmade by a number of well known English, Russian and Uzbek lexicologists asA.I.Smirnitsky, B.A. Ilyish, N.Buranov, V.V. Vinogradov, O.Jespersen and someothers.
If we say about the methods of scientific approaches used inour work we can mention that the method of typological analyses was used.
The newality of the work is concluded in including the newhomonymic meanings of words appeared during for the last ten years by means ofdevelopment and applying of the internet technologies.
The general structure of our qualification work looks asfollows:
The work is composed onto three major parts: introduction,main part and conclusion. Each part has its subdivision onto the specific thematicallyitems. There are two points in the introductory part: the first item tellsabout the general content of the work while the other gives us the generalexplanation of the lexicological phenomenon of homonymy in a language. The mainpart bears two chapters itself which, in their turn, are subdivided onto severalspecific items. The first chapter it explains the common analysis of homonymsin Modern English. Here we analyzed phonetic coincidence and semanticdifferentiation of homonyms in Modern English (the first item), acceptedclassification of the homonymic units of a language (the second item),diachronic and synchronic research to the problem studied (third and fourthitems subsequently). The second chapter shows the interrelations betweenhomonyms and polysemantic words. In the first item we made the etymological andsemantic criteria of distinguishing of homonyms and polysemantic words in theEnglish language. The second item of the work shows the typological analysis ofthe two linguistic phenomena in the three languages ​​compared: English, Russianand Uzbek. The third and the fourth items summarize the ideas concerning themodern methods and practical approaches in investigating the linguisticphenomenon of homonyms and polysemantic words.
The conclusion of the qualification work sums up the ideasdiscussed in the main part (the first item) and shows the ways of implying ofthe qualification work (in the second item).
2.1. The main items of the work.
Words identical in sound-form butdifferent in meaning are traditionally termed homonymous.
Modern English is exceptionally richin homonymous words and word-forms. It is held that languages ​​where short wordsabound have more homonyms than those where longer words are prevalent.Therefore it is sometimes suggested that abundance of homonyms in ModernEnglish is to be accounted for by the monosyllabic structure of the commonlyused English words. 1
Not only words but other linguistic units may be homonymous.Here, however, we are concerned with the homonymy of words and word-forms only,so we shall not touch upon the problem of homonymous affixes or homonymousphrases. When analyzing different cases of homonymy we find that some words are
homonymous in all their forms, i.e. homonymy of the paradigms of two or moredifferent words as, eg, in seal! - 'a sea animal' and seal 2 - 'adesign printed on paper by means of a stamp '. The paradigm "seal, seal's,seals, seals '"is identical for both of them and gives no indication ofwhether it is sea or seal that we are analyzing. In other cases, e.g. seal-'asea ​​animal 'and (to) seal-' to close tightly ', we see that although some...
